A volunteer group of 42 professional boxers provided information about
their careers and training practices and underwent neuropsychological
testing, Performance on the neuropsychological tests was not associat
ed with age, boxing record (wins, losses, or total number of bouts), l
ength of career, or history of knockout or technical knockout, However
, the amount of sparring the boxers did was inversely associated with
their performance on several of the tests, Impairments revealed by the
tests were in the areas of attention, concentration, and memory.