FILAMENTOUS ORGANISM BULKING IN NUTRIENT REMOVAL ACTIVATED-SLUDGE SYSTEMS .6. REVIEW, EVALUATION AND CONSOLIDATION OF RESULTS

The finding that the selector effect did not control bulking by low fo od to micro-organism ratio (F/M) filaments, concluded this research di rection that was considered to hold promise for controlling low F/M fi lament proliferation, and placed this research back into an explorator y phase. In this paper, thr information collected so far in the resear ch programme is evaluated together with that published in the literatu re; in order to delineate new research directions aimed at solving the low FIM filament bulking problem. In the conclusions, a framework is established that provided guidance for the subsequent research.