CLOZAPINE - CURRENT STATUS AND ROLE IN THE PHARMACOTHERAPY OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

Objective: This study evaluates clozapine and its present role in the pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia. Method: Clozapine's current clinical status is reviewed, as is its position with respect to other treatmen t options. Results: Clozapine represents the prototype of ''atypical'' neuroleptics, with evidence of clinical efficacy in both positive and negative symptoms, as well as a diminished risk of extrapyramidal sid e effects. It is the only neuroleptic to date that has established its elf as having little, if any, risk of tardive dyskinesia. More recent research has focused on its potential for overall savings in health ca re costs, as well as possible benefits in the area of neuropsychologic al functioning. Conclusion: Evidence suggesting that the course of sch izophrenia can be altered by effective treatment favours a systematic approach that optimizes treatment options. While clozapine does not re present a 1st-line agent because of its risk of agranulocytosis, it ha s an integral role to play in treatment-resistant schizophrenia or in individuals experiencing intolerable side effects with conventional ne uroleptics.