Im. Elgamal et Am. Alsabbagh, POLYMERIC ADDITIVES FOR IMPROVING THE FLOW PROPERTIES OF WAXY DISTILLATE FUELS AND CRUDES, Fuel, 75(6), 1996, pp. 743-750
Propenoxylated tetraethylenepentamine adduct was prepared by the react
ion of tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) with propylene oxide (PO). Four a
-olefin-maleic anhydride copolymers (OMACs) previously synthesized wer
e esterified with the synthesized adduct successively. They were also
subjected to esterification with saturated long-chain alcohol blend NA
FOL 20(+) and amidation with TEPA. The prepared polymeric products wer
e purified and characterized, then evaluated for improving the cold fl
ow properties of a waxy gas oil blend and Umbarka waxy crude. In addit
ion, they were compared with a commercial wax dispersant. The results
show the high efficiency of these additives in improving the flowabili
ty of both distillate fuel and crude, while the filterability of the g
as oil blend was slightly ameliorated. The results are interpreted on
the basis of the structure of the additives and distillate composition
. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.