We identified 15 patients with serological evidence of current Chlamyd
ia pneumoniae infection when we studied 263 patients with central nerv
ous system infections among an adult population of 3 million in 1993,
In 9 of the 15 patients no other associated or etiological agents were
found. One patient died. Sequelae appeared in 7 patients. In neurolog
ical infections, C. pneumoniae may be more prevalent as an associated
agent than appreciated, and adequate antibiotic therapy may be life-sa
ving.