MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY (MEG) was recorded during aversive classical co
nditioning in an attempt to elucidate the temporal coding of primary s
omatosensory cortex (SI) activation previously found with positron emi
ssion tomography. Four healthy volunteers participated in the experime
nt. The reinforced conditioned stimulus was displayed on a screen for
2 s, and as it disappeared an unconditioned electric shock to the righ
t middle finger followed. A control stimulus, not paired with a shock
was also presented. With MEG, we observed a conditioned magnetic respo
nse located in the SI. The conditioned response predated the shock pre
sentation and is interpreted as evidence for functional control of noc
iception mediated by corticothalamic projections