PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS AMONG RECENT IMMIGRANTS FROM THE FORMER SOVIET-UNION TO ISRAEL .1. CORRELATES OF LEVEL OF DISTRESS

In most migrations some selection takes place either by the absorbing country and/or the individuals who emigrate. Israel has an open-door p olicy for immigrants and the recent large wave of immigrants from the former Soviet Union was made up of entire families rather than individ uals. This provided an opportunity to examine the issue of migration a nd psychological distress more directly. A nationwide sample of 600 im migrants who arrived during the preceding year were interviewed in Dec ember 1990. Their psychological distress was measured by the PERI Demo ralization questionnaire. For both genders, the mean demoralization sc ore of the immigrant sample was found to be significantly higher than that reported for the Israeli-born population (after controlling for e ducation). The factors that were found to be correlated with the level of distress were mostly individual characteristics of the immigrants (e.g. profession, religiousness, former residence in the Chernobyl reg ion, previous contact with the health profession because of psychologi cal problems). Increased distress was also significantly related to pe rceived lack of social support in Israel, which may in fact be partly determined by personality traits.