AUTOMATIC RETRIEVAL OF NEW ASSOCIATIONS UNDER SHALLOW ENCODING CONDITIONS

In two experiments during the study phase participants read unrelated context-target word pairs presented below a line drawing of the contex t word. During rest the strong cue group was presented with context wo rds, line drawings, and stems of target words. The line drawings were not presented in the weak cue group. Stems were paired with the same c ontext words as at study (intact), paired with different context words (recombined), or corresponded to unstudied words (control). In Experi ment 1 participants were instructed to complete stems with the first w ord that came to mind (indirect). The priming effect for new associati ons was twice as large in the strong cue group. In Experiment 2 the pr ocess dissociation procedure was applied and participants completed st ems with studied words (inclusion) or with unstudied words (exclusion) . Results indicated that consciously controlled and automatic retrieva l processes mediated the associative effect in both groups. (C) 1996 A cademic Press, Inc.