In this paper we analyze the transverse pattern-forming characteristic
s of a two-level and single-longitudinal-mode laser. The corrections t
o the classical empty cavity modes due to pumping and losses are speci
fically considered, leading to different excitation rates for the diff
erent transverse modes. The near-threshold excitation rates provide a
selection mechanism that is studied and compared to the results from n
umerical simulations of the Maxwell-Bloch equations.