To date, positron emission tomography (PET) is the most powerful tool
for the non-invasive study of biochemical processes. Besides its usefu
lness for basic research PET has been proven to be superior to convent
ional diagnostic methods in several clinical indications. However, the
introduction of PET into clinical practice has been hindered consider
ably by its costs. Several American studies lend support to the hypoth
esis that PET may be more cost-effective than the conventional diagnos
tic work-up - at least for some of its clinical indications. In German
y, however, this hypothesis has still not been verified.