D. Moore et al., EFFECTS OF SIMULATED AND NATURAL SUNLIGHT ON THE GERMINATION OF CONIDIA OF METARHIZIUM FLAVOVIRIDE GAMS AND ROZSYPAL AND INTERACTIONS WITH TEMPERATURE, Biocontrol science and technology, 6(1), 1996, pp. 63-76
The effects of natural and simulated sunlight on conidia of Metarhiziu
m flavoviride Gams and Rozsypal formulated in oil were investigated. T
he germination responses of conidia exposed to simulated sunlight usua
lly followed an exponential pattern, but a cubic relationship was bett
er in one instance when the conidia were allowed a longer time to germ
inate. Conidia exposed to natural sunlight in West Africa showed cubic
relationships in their germination responses and greater inactivation
/increment of ultraviolet (UV) dose compared with that from simulated
sunlight. This was probably due to the greater intensity of UV irradia
tion compared with simulated sunlight, but and interaction with temper
ature occurs naturally in the field. Under laboratory and field condit
ions, UV light caused increasing levels of damage as the temperature r
ose; with simulated sunlight, UV levels that caused a 20% reduction in
germination at 20 degrees C caused an 80% reduction at 50 degrees C.