Soilborne pathogens of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) often survive or over
winter on peanut shells left on or in the soil. The effects of differe
nt crop rotations on the peanut shell mycobiota were compared in three
field trials in 1992 and repeated in 1993. In two of the trials, plot
s grown continuously to peanut were either treated with the fungicide
flutolanil or left untreated. Rotation practices varied with location
and the crops in rotation with peanut were cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
, rye (Secale cereale), bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum), and corn (Zea m
ays). In total, 31 different genera of fungi were isolated from shells
. Over two-thirds of the isolates were Deuteromycotina, followed in fr
equency by Basidiomycetes, Ascomycetes, and Phycomycetes. The rotation
practices affected the incidence of several pathogenic fungi (e.g., F
usarium spp., and Lasiodiplodia theobromae) in the peanut: shells, but
the results were not consistent across trials or years. Bahiagrass or
corn grown in rotation with peanut reduced the frequency of Rhizocton
ia solani AG-4 in shells. Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2 and Macrophomina p
haseolina were isolated at a greater level in the bahiagrass-peanut ro
tation. Where peanut was rotated with cotton with or without a winter
cover crop of rye, plots containing rye had lower isolation rates for
total fungi in 1992 than those without rye, but there was no differenc
e in 1993. Also, several species of Fusarium were isolated more freque
ntly from shells from plots rotated with rye. Flutolanil significantly
lowered isolation rates of several fungi, including R. solani AG-4, i
n one trial in 1992. Total fungi isolated (all fungal isolates combine
d) in the flutolanil-treated plots were greater in 1993, but not in 19
92 at one site. Isolation rates for the different genera and species o
f fungi differed on the two media utilized (malt-extract agar and malt
-salt agar). In particular, Alternaria alternata and species of Fusari
um were isolated more frequently on malt-salt agar, whereas L. theobro
mae, R. solani AG-4 and Trichoderma spp. were more common on malt-extr
act agar.