CELL-CYCLE ANALYSIS OF 932 FLOW CYTOMETRIC DNA HISTOGRAMS OF FRESH-FROZEN BREAST-CARCINOMA MATERIAL - CORRELATIONS BETWEEN FLOW CYTOMETRIC,CLINICAL, AND PATHOLOGICAL VARIABLES

BACKGROUND. Confusing data have been presented for breast cancer patie nts on correlations between DNA ploidy and the percentage of S-phase c ells and other prognostic variables. The aim of this study was to comp are DNA ploidy classification and cell cycle variables with clinical, classic, and quantitative pathologic variables and clinical variables in a large group of patients. METHODS. DNA ploidy and cell cycle varia bles were extracted from MultiCycle(R) (Phoenix Flow Systems, San Dieg o, CA) interpreted flow cytometric DNA histograms of fresh frozen mate rial from 932 breast cancer patients and compared with clinical (age, hormonal status), classic pathology (lymph node status, tumor size and type), and quantitative pathologic variables (steroid receptor status , mitotic activity index [MAI], mean nuclear area [MNA]). RESULTS. The DNA ploidy correlated significantly with MAI, MNA, steroid receptor s tatus, and tumor type. No significant correlations were found with tum or size, lymph node status, age, and hormonal status. The first DNA in dex correlated significantly with MAI, MNA, and steroid receptor statu s. The percentage of S-phase cells significantly correlated with MAI, MNA, steroid receptor status, and lymph node status. CONCLUSIONS. DNA index and DNA ploidy, as markers of genetic instability, correlated we ll with differentiation and proliferation markers and less well with l ymph node status and tumor size as markers of metastatic potential and duration of disease. The percentage of S-phase cells was not independ ent of the percentage of differentiation markers and did not correlate strongly with mitotic activity. This indicates that the percentage of S-phase cells and the mitotic activity partially reflect different pr oliferative properties. (C) 1996 American Cancer Society.