S. Higuchi et al., ALCOHOL AND ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE GENOTYPES AND DRINKING BEHAVIOR INJAPANESE, Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 20(3), 1996, pp. 493-497
The effects of the genotype of alcohol dehydrogenase-2 (ADH2) and mito
chondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) on drinking behavior were inv
estigated in a population of 451 Japanese. Although the ALDH22 allele
had a significant inhibitory effect on alcohol consumption, hence on
drinking problems, the apparent association was not confirmed between
ADH2 genotype and overall drinking patterns for either males or female
s. However, the frequency of the ADH22 allele was significantly lower
in male Japanese classified as alcoholic on the basis of the Kurihama
Alcoholism Screening Test than in nonalcoholic males. These results c
orroborate a previous study that revealed a significantly lower ADH22
allele frequency in hospitalized Japanese alcoholics than in the gene
ral population. Together, these studies suggest that the ALDH22 allel
e has an inhibitory effect on drinking behavior, irrespective of the l
evel of alcohol consumption, whereas the effect of the ADH2 polymorphi
sm only becomes apparent in individuals with higher alcohol consumptio
n, such as alcoholics.