CORRELATES OF THE USE OF PERFORMANCE-ENHANCING DRUGS AMONG YOUNG PATRONS OF GYMNASIUMS IN THE NETHERLANDS

This study assessed the use of performance-enhancing drugs among young people attending gyms in the Netherlands and established psychologica l, social and cultural factors contributing to the use of these drugs. Fourteen gyms, varying in size, types of sports practised and expecte d use of performance enhancing drugs were visited by interviewers. As patrons entered the gym, they were asked about their age, sport(s) pra ctised and the frequency of their visits: 66% were willing to complete our questionnaire; 6% had used performance-enhancing drugs in the pas t, among body-builders this was 16%; 16% was interested in using these drugs. Main predictors of actual use were: 'Interest in performance e nhancing drugs', 'Knowing other users', 'Non-conforming peer groups' a nd 'Body-building'. The actual percentage of users is probably higher than reported in this study. Social and cultural factors play an impor tant role and gym patrons will not be easily convinced by stressing he alth risks. Effective coaching and expert support are probably more ef fective preventive methods. Persistent users should have access to exp ert medical advice, in such a way that health risks can be reduced, if not eliminated.