D. Karabali et Vp. Nair, A GAUGE-INVARIANT HAMILTONIAN ANALYSIS FOR NON-ABELIAN GAUGE-THEORIESIN (2+1) DIMENSIONS, Nuclear physics. B, 464(1-2), 1996, pp. 135-152
The Hamiltonian formulation for a non-Abelian gauge theory in two spat
ial dimensions is carried out in terms of a gauge-invariant matrix par
ametrization of the fields, The Jacobian for the relevant transformati
on of variables is given in terms of the WZW-action for a hermitian ma
trix field. Some gauge-invariant eigenstates of the kinetic term of th
e Hamiltonian are given; these have zero charge and exhibit a mass gap
.