The thermal self-energy of an electron in a static uniform magnetic fi
eld B is calculated to first order in the fine structure constant alph
a and to all orders in eB. We use two methods, one based on the Furry
picture and another based on Schwinger's proper-time method. As extern
al states we consider relativistic Landau levels with special emphasis
on the lowest Landau level. In the high-temperature limit we derive s
elf-consistent dispersion relations for particle and hole excitations,
showing the chiral asymmetry caused by the external field. For weak f
ields, earlier results on the ground-state energy and the anomalous ma
gnetic moment are discussed and compared with the present analysis. In
the strong-field limit the appearance of a field-independent imaginar
y part of the self-energy, related to Landau damping in the e(+)e(-) p
lasma, is pointed out.