Jm. Vadillo et al., SPACE AND TIME-RESOLVED LASER-INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY USING CHARGE-COUPLED-DEVICE DETECTION, Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry, 355(1), 1996, pp. 10-15
Space and time-resolved studies of laser induced plasmas in air at atm
ospheric pressure are presented. Photovoltaic solar cells have been us
ed as samples. The second harmonic (532 nm) of a Nd:YAG laser at an ir
radiance of 18 x 10(12) W/cm(2) has been used. The precise focus of th
e beam allows a microanalysis at a 0.02 mm(2) surface area working in
single-shot mode. The use of an intensified charge-coupled device (CCD
) detector has allowed time-resolved studies in both imaging or spectr
oscopy modes. The two-dimensional capability of the CCD has enabled th
e study of atomic and ionic species distribution along the plume. Most
data have been recorded using single-laser shot experiments. Spectral
lines have been assigned to transitions in atomic components of the m
aterial under investigation in the neutral or ionic states of the corr
esponding atoms. Effects of delay in improving spectral resolution and
some examples of spectral characterization of species as a function o
f its decay are shown.