A wide variety of methods have been used to encourage competent, scien
tifically based practice. Exhortation, training, and licensing have al
l proved themselves useless. It may be more helpful to focus on valida
ting procedures rather than people, and in the context of the changing
health care system, such a change may even be practical. The professi
on will have to face its values crisis and decide if it is more import
ant to protect the financially successful practice of people called ''
psychologists'' or to protect the consumers they supposedly serve.