The Diploschistes taxa occurring in Southern Africa are revised. Descr
iptions of selected species and a key to the 14 taxa accepted are incl
uded. D. hensseniae and D. hypoleucus are recorded for the first time
from South Africa. D. chloroleucus, D. compositus, D. lutescens, D. oc
ellatus f. isabellinus, D. subfarinaceus and Urceolaria bispora var. t
erricola are reduced to synonymy with D. cinereocaesius, and D. almbor
nii with D. diploschistoides. D, austroafricanus Guderley & Lumbsch is
described as new.