There are a variety of HIV-related neurologic complications that have
numerous causes. HIV-related neurologic illnesses are specific to the
stage of HIV infection, although the greatest burden of neurologic dis
ease and the most disabling syndromes occur in the more advanced stage
s. As the number of HIV-infected persons continues to increase worldwi
de and as antiretroviral and other anti-infective therapies improve pa
tient survival in the advanced stages of HIV infection, the burden of
neurologic disease will continue to increase.