Dc. Su et al., A HETERODYNE INTERFEROMETER USING AN ELECTROOPTIC MODULATOR FOR MEASURING SMALL DISPLACEMENTS, Journal of optics, 27(1), 1996, pp. 19-23
In this heterodyne interferometer for measuring small displacements, a
n electro-optic modulator is used as a frequency shifter. It has some
merits, such as, free from the mechanical vibration, simple and compac
t optical structure, and a general and inexpensive electrical signal p
rocessing circuit can be used without decreasing the measuring resolut
ion and easily operated in real time.