Q. Wang et Ge. Stedman, SPIN-ASSISTED MATTER FIELD COUPLING AND LANTHANIDE TRANSITION INTENSITIES, Journal of physics. B, Atomic molecular and optical physics, 26(8), 1993, pp. 1415-1423
For atoms with a central field in the Dirac-Foldy-Wouthuysen-Tani form
alism, we find that an El matter-field coupling of the form qs . angst
rom x p/2m2c2 appears with qangstrom . r in the length gauge. In princ
iple, this gives an alternative source of spin-assisted contributions
to lanthanide transition intensities. Time reversal and parity selecti
on rules are used to categorize such contributions as well as those fr
om the standard terms in the Judd-Ofelt theory of lanthanide transitio
n intensities.