Sd. Koehler et al., DESIGN AND MEASUREMENT OF AN MQW NIPI WAVE-GUIDE MODULATOR FOR OPTOELECTRONIC INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS, IEEE journal of quantum electronics, 32(6), 1996, pp. 1029-1037
A procedure for optimizing MQW hetero-nipi waveguide phase modulators
is presented that includes both drive voltage and frequency response,
Experimental phase change, absorption change, and frequency response m
easurements of a modulator designed using this algorithm are presented
. In a 300-mu m-long device consisting of 3 nipi periods, pi phase shi
ft is achieved with an applied voltage of 3.25 V with a frequency band
width on the order of 200 MHz.