The cycle cocendensation of triethylenetetramine with arylpyruvaldehyd
es is templated by iron(III) chloride, to give a [12]aneN(4) type diim
ine complex intermediate which may be reduced and demetallated in situ
with sodium borohydride giving the saturated [12]aneN(4) metal-free m
acrocycle in up to 60% overall yields; photophysical studies are used
to demonstrate the similarity between the aryl functionalised [12]aneN
(4) derivatives formed by this route and analogues derived from [12]an
eN(4) itself.