The preoperative diagnosis of some thyroid neoplasms remains difficult
even with the routine use of fine-needle aspiration cytology. The pot
ential of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to discriminate bet
ween different thyroid pathologies was explored prospectively and comp
ared with the final pathology in series of 37 patients, MRI yielded hi
gh-quality images of the thyroid swelling but did not provide addition
al information to differentiate benign from neoplastic lesions. MRI do
es not contribute to the routine management of thyroid swellings.