TAXONOMY, MORPHOLOGY, AND BIOLOGY OF LYONETIA-PRUNIFOLIELLA (LEPIDOPTERA, LYONETIIDAE), A LEAFMINER OF APPLE

North American Lyonetia speculella Clemens is reported to be a junior synonym of L. prunifoliella (Hubner) of Europe, thus establishing a ho larctic distribution for the species. Larvae are blotch leafminers of apple, Malus domestica (Borkh.) as well as Betula, Ceanothus, Chaenome les, Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Cydonia, Mespilus, Prunus, and Sorbus. Th e morphology of each life stage of L. prunifoliella is described and i llustrated. L. prunifoliella have 6-8 generations on apple in Jefferso n County, West Virginia. Time from egg to adult was 20 d at 22-26 degr ees C in the laboratory and was approximate to 34 d under field condit ions in August and September. Adult males and females lived for 7.8 +/ - 4.8 d (range, 3-20 d) and 8.3 +/- 4.5 d (range, 4-20 d), respectivel y, at 21-32 degrees C in the laboratory. Eight females laid 67.5 +/- 1 5.8 eggs (range, 15-170).