THE CYTOSOLIC PATHWAY OF L-MALIC ACID SYNTHESIS IN SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE - THE ROLE OF FUMARASE

Saccharomyces cerevisiae accumulates L-malic acid but only minute amou nts of fumaric acid. A C-13-nuclear magnetic resonance study following from glucose to L-malic acid indicates L-malic acid is synthesized fr om pyruvic oxaloacetic acid. previously published studies, a cytosolic reductive pathway leading from pyruvic acid via oxaloacetic acid to L -malic acid is responsible for the L-malic acid production in yeast. T he nonproduction of fumaric acid can be explained by the conclusion th at, in the cell, cytosolic fumarase catalyzes the conversion of fumari c acid to L-malic acid but not the reverse. This conclusion is based o n the following findings. (a) The cytosolic enzyme exhibits a 17-fold higher affinity towards fumaric acid than towards L-malic acid; the K- m for L-malic acid is very high indicating that L-malic acid is not an in vivo substrate of the enzyme. (b) Overexpression of cytosolic fuma rase does not cause accumulation of fumaric acid (but rather more L-ma lic acid). (c) According to C-13 NMR studies there is no interconversi on of cytosolic L-malic and fumaric acids.