SURGERY FOR PRIMARY SPHINCTER INCONTINENC E

A thorough functional analysis of the anorectal continence organ and t he pelvic floor is a prerequisite for adequate treatment of incontinen ce. If con servative therapy has failed, corrective surgery on the bas is of careful patient selection may well lead to improvement of contin ence. In our experience, plastic surgery of both the anterior levator ani muscle and the sphincter ani externus muscle is the treatment of c hoice for idiopathic incontinence.