A new phase-sensitive multiple-diffraction method is presented that pe
rmits characterization of the strain in thin subsurface layers in sing
le crystals. The method is based on measuring the rocking curves far f
rom the area of strong multi-beam interaction in the angular range cor
responding to total reflection of one beam. The reflectivity dependenc
e of the other, weak, beam bears information on the phase of the stron
g reflection. The method was tested on perfect Si(111) crystals, then
successfully applied to a crystal with a strained subsurface layer. Th
e results of the experimental studies of an ion-implanted Si(400) crys
tal are presented. All measurements were performed with the use of syn
chrotron radiation at Photon Factory (Japan) and Daresbury and Rutherf
ord Appleton Laboratory (UK).