This paper provides a brief overview of issues to consider in evaluati
ng patient benefit from health care. Different types of measures are d
escribed and it is noted that the choice of measure is dependent upon
the purpose of the study. The cost-utility approach to evaluation is d
iscussed in more detail. This approach is often criticised but it rais
es important issues in medical decision-making and has considerable po
tential in the evaluation of patient benefit from health care.