Health care workers are exposed to various occupational hazards. In a
register linkage study we investigated cancer incidence in health care
personnel in Denmark. The overall cancer incidence was elevated in fe
male general and dental practitioners. Male doctors had a risk of brai
n cancer twice as high as expected. Male dental practitioners, female
hospital doctors and nurses had significantly high risks of melanomas
of the skin. The breast cancer risk was elevated among female salaried
dentists, hospital doctors, and nurses. Female cleaners had a signifi
cantly elevated risk of leukemia (31 cases, SIR 1.54). The lung cancer
risk was low in several occupational groups. This indicates a change
in risk behaviour related to tobacco smoking. A high risk of skin mela
nomas may indicate that behaviour related to sunlight exposure has not
changed.