Site-specific recombinases can serve as powerful tools to target genet
ic manipulations to specific cell populations in culture and in the or
ganism. A series of vectors for engineering gene activation, deletion
and integration in mammalian cells using Flp recombinase is described
here. The vectors are modular in design so that specific cassettes can
be linked depending on the application. Using these vectors, efficien
t Flp-mediated lacZ activation and beta-galactosidase (beta Gal) detec
tion has been demonstrated in mammalian cell culture. These vectors sh
ould facilitate using Flp to mark cell populations, as well as to acti
vate, remove or mutate genes in culture and in the mouse.