We have established and evaluated an organ fragment culture model for
the study of human lymphocyte activation and differentiation. Small fr
agments of tonsillar tissue were cultured on Gelfoam for periods of up
to 7 days. Monoclonal antibody in the medium was able to diffuse into
the tissue, as demonstrated by subsequent detection of antibody-coate
d cells. Phytohaemagglutinin added to the culture medium caused activa
tion of T and B cells, as indicated by changes in expression of a numb
er of markers. Antibody against human IgM (added as a F(ab')2 fragment
) together with IL-4 caused B cell activation, detectable by an increa
sed expression of CD23 and other markers. Cell viability fell graduall
y in culture, but useful data could nevertheless be obtained from cult
ure periods up to 7 days. The organ fragment culture provides a model
for the study of T and B cell activation which maintains, at least in
part, the intercellular interactions and the native microenvironment o
f lymphoid tissue.