LOCAL-ANESTHETICS

BACKGROUND. Dermatology is dependent upon the effects of local anesthe tics for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. A working knowledge of the drugs' actions and interactions is necessary for anyone aspiri ng to optimize the benefits derived from the use local anesthetic agen ts. OBJECTIVE. This article reviews nerve physiology, pharmacology, cl assification of local anesthetics, adverse reactions (toxic, drug, all ergic), local anesthetic use in pregnancy, alternatives to the ''-cain e'' anesthetics, methods for reducing the pain of infiltration, and ne w agents under development. CONCLUSION. Local anesthetics are safe and effective. With the understanding of the actions and interactions of this class of drugs, maximum patient safety and satisfaction can be ac hieved.