Both ''cold'' (Baku, Early Khazarian (Gyurgyan) and Khvalynian) and ''
warm'' (Urundzhik, Late Khazarian and New Caspian) transgressions are
recorded in the history of the Caspian Sea. The first ones correspond
to the coolings and glaciations of the Russian Plain, while the latter
ones occured during interglacial periods, ''Warm'' transgressions cor
respond to the large regressive epochs of the Caspian Sea and were cha
racterized by relatively small sea-level rise and flooded area.