S. Pathumarak et We. Lee, AURIVILLIUS PHASE-FORMATION IN NB2O5-DOPED AND BI2O3-DOPED BATIO3, Journal of materials science. Materials in electronics, 7(3), 1996, pp. 161-164
The reaction sequence in the BaTiO3-Nb2O5-Bi2O5 system leading to the
core-shell microstructure that causes the temperature-stable dielectri
c response has been examined using X-ray diffraction. The starting oxi
des react to form bismuth oxide layer Aurivillius phases at low temper
atures which, in turn, react with remnant oxides to form the tetragona
l tungsten bronze phase, Ba4Bi2Ti4Nb6O30, which acts as the source of
dopants responsible for core-shell formation.