METHADONE-MAINTENANCE THERAPY FOR OPIOID DEPENDENCE - A GUIDE TO APPROPRIATE USE

Opioid dependence is a chronic, relapsing condition that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Methadone maintenance thera py involves the provision of a controlled supply of an orally administ ered opioid, thereby stabilising the opioid-dependent patient. Researc h studies have shown that methadone maintenance reduces illicit opioid use, opioid-related crime, premature mortality and the risk of HIV in fection. It is most effective when prescribed at an adequate dosage (u sually 60 to 100 mg/day) and when long term maintenance on methadone i s the goal of treatment rather than detoxification from all drugs incl uding methadone. Successful long term methadone maintenance is more li kely when it takes place within the context of a well established ther apeutic relationship and when the medical, social and psychological ne eds of patients are met either through direct assistance or referral.