EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND ATMOSPHERE ON THE FORMATION MECHANISM OF BARIUM-TITANATE USING THE CITRATE PROCESS

In this investigation, several experiments have been conducted to stud y the effects of temperature and atmosphere on the formation of BaTiO3 using the citrate process, It was found that BaTiO3 could be complete ly formed when the precursor powder was heated at 300 degrees C in O-2 for 24 h and then heated in situ at 475 degrees C for 1 h, during whi ch no intermediate phase was observed throughout the process, Moreover , BaTiO3 could be formed at 400 degrees C in O-2 via the combustion of organic materials, in which the amount of the residual BaCO3 depended on the partial pressure of O-2, The development of BaCO3 and oxycarbo nate intermediate was found to be dependent on the temperature, the at mosphere, and the organic materials, and their formation mechanisms ar e discussed.