In this study, circular beams with variable cross-sections on elastic
foundations under arbitrary loading are analyzed by the finite element
method. The Winkler hypothesis is considered for the foundation. With
the developed circular finite element CR12, in which six independent
variables are chosen for each node, all kinds of boundary conditions c
an be taken into account. In this study the effects of shear deformati
on and torsional effect of the foundation are included. Additionally,
a special case finite element formulation is given for straight bars o
n elastic foundations. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.