CRACK-GROWTH IN A MIXED-MODE LOADING ON MARBLE BEAMS UNDER 3 POINT BENDING

A combined theoretical and experimental study of a crack growth in a m ixed-mode I-II loading is presented. A 160 x 40 x 20 mm marble beam, w ith an artificial crack 8 mm and 10 mm long each, was subjected to thr ee point bending. The crack was located vertically to the beam's lower longitudinal fiber, through the whole width of the beam. The position of the crack was displaced from the center of the beam to one of the supporting points. The vertical force P, placed on the middle of the u pper fiber of the beam, imposed the combination of the opening (mode I ) and the sliding (mode II) modes on the crack mouth, creating the mix ed-mode I-II loading case. The stress intensity factors K-I and K-II, which describe the local stress and strain field around the crack tip, were determined by a suitable finite element program. The crack growt h was defined by two classical fracture criteria of LEFM; the minimum strain energy density and the maximum circumferential stress criteria The initial crack growth angle (theta(c)) was calculated from both cri teria and the critical load (P-c) from the minimum strain energy densi ty (SED) criterion. These theoretical predictions were compared with s ome experimental results found from three marbles with different elast ic constants; the Krystallina of Kavala, the Snow-white of Thassos and the White of Piges Drama. The theoretical results showed the same tre nd of theta(c) and P-c as the experimental ones and they are in good a greement.