This note analyzes the draft Bill of Rights in Roger Sherman's handwri
ting found among the James Madison papers at the Library of Congress i
n 1987 and the circumstances of its formulation. Though in Sherman's h
andwriting, it represents not his personal views, but the work of memb
ers of the congressional select committee, on which he served, charged
with preparing a draft from James Madison's initial proposals. The dr
aft differs from both Madison's initial proposals and the version fina
lly adopted and these differences provide material increasing our unde
rstanding of the Bill of Rights.