NEPHROTOXICITY OF AMPHOTERICIN-B ADMINISTERED TO DOGS IN A FAT EMULSION VERSUS 5-PERCENT DEXTROSE SOLUTION

Objective - To determine whether administration of amphotericin B in a fat emulsion solution would reduce the nephrotoxicity of amphotericin B, compared with that associated with administration of amphotericin B in 5% dextrose solution. Design - Prospective controlled study. Anim als - 2 groups of 5 adult male Beagles. Procedure - Dogs received amph otericin B (1 mg/kg of body weight/d) prepared in 5% dextrose solution or in 20% fat emulsion daily for 6 doses. Serum biochemical analysis, CBC, urinalysis, and endogenous creatinine clearance were performed o n days 0 and 8, 2 days after the last dose of amphotericin B. On day 8 , dogs were euthanatized and gross necropsies were performed. Unbiased semiquantitative scoring of the kidneys for the degree of injury was performed by use of light microscopy. Results - There were no signific ant differences in serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, or potassium conce ntrations, urine specific gravity, endogenous creatinine clearance, or degree of tubulo-interstitial injury between the 2 groups. Conclusion - In this model, the degree of nephrotoxicity of amphotericin B was n ot significantly different for dogs receiving the drug in a fat emulsi on versus its administration in 5% dextrose.