K. Janssens et al., CORROSION PHENOMENA IN ELECTRON, PROTON AND SYNCHROTRON X-RAY MICROPROBE ANALYSIS OF ROMAN GLASS FROM QUMRAN, JORDAN, Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms, 109, 1996, pp. 690-695
A series of 89 glass fragments of Roman glass are studied using electr
on, proton and synchrotron radiation induced X-ray emission from micro
scopic areas on the sample surface. The glass originates from Qumran,
Jordan and was buried for 1900 years. The weathering layers that resul
t from the extended contact with ground water have been studied, next
to the trace composition of the original glass of these pieces. The la
tter information indicates that at Qumran, large quantities of glass o
bjects were being used in Ancient times. Cross-sectional profiles of t
he glass show a complex migration behaviour of various groups of major
and trace elements.