A number of recent psychological investigations has suggested a signif
icant role for olfactory stimulation in the alteration of cognition, m
ood and social behaviour. These orthodox investigations have a common,
if uneasy, relationship with the holistic practice of so-called aroma
therapy. This paper reviews the therapeutic effects of odour on health
-related behaviour. It distinguishes two types of research activity, o
ne which is quantitative and science- and medicine-based, the other wh
ich is qualitative and anecdote- and experience-based. Both of these e
ndeavours are critically assessed and suggestions are made for improve
ment in methodology and experimental design. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevi
er Science Ltd