Data (2083 sites visited) collected during the otter Lutra lutra (Linn
aeus, 1758) survey of Poland in 1991-1994 were used to evaluate some o
f the factors affecting the efficiency of the technique. The success i
n detecting otter signs was found to be significantly affected by the
presence of ''spraintable'' bridges and other potential sprainting sit
es on the banks. Decreased efficiency of the technique was noted in sp
ecific habitats, eg large rivers, canals surrounded by open fields or
meadows, and any aquatic habitats with few potential sprainting sites
on the banks. It is suggested that modifications: spot checks at addit
ional bridges and extended searches of river banks, could be used to i
mprove the reliability of the survey in areas with low numbers of otte
r signs.