EXPANDING THE HORIZONS OF POND TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATION IN AN ENVIRONMENTALLY CONSCIOUS WORLD

Waste stabilisation pond technology has advanced greatly in terms of a pplication and reliability and this has come from the wealth of modern research. Pond technology can be designed to meet exacting effluent s tandards and can treat both domestic sewage and a wide range of indust rial wastewaters. They are now very much on a par with other wastewate r treatment technologies. A wide range of pond types now exist allowin g for flexibility in design and optimisation of the process to meet a particular applications or set of conditions. Ponds can be made to com bine treatment and effluent storage and are the best and cheapest opti on for treating wastewaters for subsequent reuse in aquaculture and ag riculture. Ponds can be designed to produce large quantities of algal biomass for animal and potential human consumption and for energy prod uction via methane. Ponds are thus a modern wastewater reclamation and resource recovery technology in tune with current environmental think ing. Copyright (C) 1996 IAWQ. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.