H. Gan et Es. Takeuchi, LITHIUM ELECTRODES WITH AND WITHOUT CO2 TREATMENT - ELECTROCHEMICAL-BEHAVIOR AND EFFECT ON HIGH-RATE LITHIUM BATTERY PERFORMANCE, Journal of power sources, 62(1), 1996, pp. 45-50
The ionic resistivity and integrity of a solid-electrolyte interphase
(SEI) him on a lithium electrode surface was investigated. The preform
ed lithium carbonate film on the surface of the lithium electrode was
found to improve the electrode behavior by maintaining a low ionic res
istance. In lithium/silver vanadium oxide batteries, voltage delay can
be eliminated with the use of a lithium anode pretreated with CO2. An
SEI consisting of lithium carbonate appears to be responsible. Unlike
the surface film formed from lithium-electrolyte reactions, the lithi
um carbonate film is relatively strong and can withstand high current
density pulses (similar to 20 mA/cm(2)) without significant damage. An
ion exchange mechanism involving the carbonate anion is proposed.