The economic impact of paratuberculosis has been estimated in dairy ca
ttle fur several areas of the United States and in some other dairy-in
tensive areas of the world. Losses are primarily due to decreased milk
production and unrealized income related to premature culling. Milk p
roduction losses in the range of 15% have been reported in paratubercu
losis-infected cows. Additional economic costs include diagnostic test
ing, control measures, and accelerated cull and replacement rates.