STRAIN AND STRAIN-RATE BEHAVIOR OF A LOW-CARBON 18CR-12NI STAINLESS-STEEL UNDER CONDITIONS OF CREEP-LOW CYCLE FATIGUE INTERACTION

Results of an investigation of the application of a low frequency ''re ctangular'' cyclic stress, during both the initial and advanced stages of primary creep, on the time dependent strain and strain rate behavi our of a low carbon 18Cr-12Ni (304L) stainless steel are presented. Th e strain rates immediately before, as well as immediately after, any s tress decrement or increment were measured accurately. It is shown tha t at any given relative amplitude of applied stress Delta sigma/sigma and superimposed applied stress period Delta t(c), these strain rates depend linearly on time. The relations between these strain rates and the relative amplitude of stress cycling, Delta sigma/sigma, are also linear at any constant cyclic loading stress period Delta t(c). This f inding makes it possible to estimate the contribution of the net strai n owing to superimposed cyclic loading to the total plastic strain. Fu rther, it is shown that the creep (s)train rate after the cyclic loadi ng superposition lasting Sigma Delta t(c) = 36 ks, is only slightly af fected by this superimposed loading. An interpretation of strain and s train rate behaviour under conditions of cyclic loading superposition is based on the processes of creep strain strengthening and creep reco very, though the backward straining after any stress reduction must be taken into account as well. All the above-mentioned processes depend not only on temperature and the mean applied stress, but also on the c yclic loading history.